We have shown that a baby’s stress (saliva cortisol) and crying response to inoculation at 8 weeks was related to mode of delivery, with the greatest response shown in those born by assisted delivery and the least response in those born by elective caesarean section.
In Search of a Global Distress Measurement Instrument for Perinatal Use: Testing Depression Anxiety Stress Scales Short Forms with Swedish Pregnant and Postpartum Women
Kerstis, B., Jönsson, P., Taylor, A., Nilsson, K. W., Hofvander, B., Rurbertsson, C. & Lindeberg, S. (2026). In search of a global distress measurement instrument for perinatal use: Testing depression anxiety stress scales short forms with Swedish pregnant and postpartum women. Healthcare, 14(12), 1636 URL